原文:To be a statesman, you need a thick skin.
原译:做个政治家, 你需要一张厚脸皮。
辨析:这样译不能算完全错,只是程度上不那么确切。Thick skin倒是有那么一点儿“厚脸皮”的意思,但更接近于汉语的“硬着头皮”,常指“因为习以为常而不再在乎(别人的批评等)”的意思,Webster’s New World Roget’s A-Z Thesaurus(《韦氏新世界罗热同义词词典》)thick skin条下给的同义词为callous(冷淡无情的),hardened(有忍受力的),unfeeling(麻木的)。可见thick skin的贬义不像“厚脸皮”那么重。其形容词thick-skinned的意思是“感觉迟钝”、“分不清好坏”,但还没有到“不知羞耻”的程度。汉语的“厚脸皮”更多相当于英语的cheeky, impudent, brazen, 甚至shameless;“厚着脸皮说”可译为have the nerve/the cheek to say。
请看下面这一句:As a manager, you have to learn to grow a thick skin and not let people’s insults affect you. 即使这一句,把其中的grow a thick skin译成“把脸皮放厚一些”也还是偏贬,我觉得全句可译成“作为一个经理,你必须学会不要太在乎人们的辱骂,不要为此而影响到自己。” 而He is as thick-skinned as an elephant. 的意思是说“他不听人劝。”
在原文这一句的上下文里,thick skin则带有一定的褒义,因为statesman是个褒义词,意为“政治家”(politician则是一个中性词,一般表示“政客”的意思,但在一定的上下文中也可以指“政治家”)。所以这一句最好译为:要当个政治家,你需要经得住批评。
Thick skin 的反义词是 thin skin (thin-skinned),倒是和汉语的“脸皮薄”接近,但强调“敏感(尤其经不住批评、欺负等)”。顺便说一下,(have a/in a) bad skin是“生气”的意思,如:Don’t disturb him, he is now in a bad skin.(别去打扰他,他正火着呢。)▲
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